Notable Historical Events on October 1st
October 1st Historical Events
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
331 |
Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. |
BC AD | |
366 |
St Damasus I begins his reign as Catholic Pope |
704 |
Aengibald gives away bishop Willibrord estate in Waalre |
911 |
During a siege in Constantinople, the Theotokos (Mary, the mother of Jesus) appeared at the church in Blachernae holding her veil over the praying faithful, among them St. Andrew of Constantinople. |
959 |
Edgar I, the Peaceful, becomes king of all England. |
965 |
John XIII Crescentii elected to succeed Pope Leo VIII |
1189 |
Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Knights Templar since 1184, is killed in the Siege of Acre. |
1273 |
Earl Rudolf van Habsburg becomes Roman Catholic-German king |
1529 |
-3] Meeting between Maarten Luther & Huldrych Zwingli |
1569 |
Duke of Norfolk arrested |
1574 |
-2] Storm breaks Leiden dike; drowns 20,000 Spanish soldiers |
1606 |
Spanish troops under Spinola occupies fort Rhine birch |
1632 |
Battle at Castelnaudary: Duke Henri de Montmorency's rebel army loses |
1653 |
Russian parliament accepts annexation of Ukraine |
1657 |
Treaty of Raalte: Willem II no longer viceroy of Overijssel |
1661 |
Yachting begins in England; King Charles II beats his brother James, Duke of York |
1670 |
-4] Battle at Simbirsk a/d Wolga: Russian army beats Boers |
1688 |
Prince Willem III of Orange accepts invitation of take up the British crown |
1705 |
Parliament declares Hungary independently/French Rákóczi becomes king |
1746 |
Bonnie Prince Charlie flees to France |
1768 |
British troops under General Gauge land in Boston |
1787 |
Russians under Suvorov defeat the Turks at Kinburn. |
1791 |
1st session of new French legislative assembly |
1795 |
France annexes Southern Netherlands |
1795 |
Belgium is conquered by France. |
1800 |
Spain cedes Louisiana to France in a secret treaty |
1801 |
Britain & France signs Preliminary of London |
1814 |
Opening of the Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw the Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoléon Bonaparte the previous spring. |
1827 |
The Russian army under Ivan Paskevich storms Yerevan, ending a millennium of Muslim domination in Armenia. |
1829 |
South African College is founded in Cape Town, South Africa; later to separate into the University of Cape Town and the South African College Schools. |
1830 |
General Trade Journal newspaper begins publishing in Amsterdam |
1833 |
Charles Darwin reaches Rio Tercero Argentina |
1837 |
"Racer's" Hurricane (Gulf of Mexico) |
1837 |
Treaty with Winnebago Indians |
1838 |
Civil Code enforced (- Jan 1, 1992) |
1843 |
News of the World began publication in London. |
1844 |
German explorer Ludwig Leichhardt departs Jimbour, the farthest outpost of settlement on the Queensland Darling Downs, to begin his exploration of Australia's Northern Territory from Moreton Bay to Port Essington |
1847 |
Maria Mitchell discovers a non-naked-eye comet |
1847 |
German inventor and industrialist Werner von Siemens founds Siemens AG & Halske. |
1851 |
1st Hawaiian stamps issued |
1852 |
Alfred Russel Wallace returns to the U.K. after four years of travel, collecting, and research in South America |
1854 |
The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocates to Waltham, Massachusetts, to become the Waltham Watch Company, a pioneer in the American System of Watch Manufacturing. |
1863 |
5 Russian warships welcomed in NYC |
1863 |
Dutch Breda-Tilburg railway opens |
1864 |
Cyclone strikes Calcutta: 70,000 killed |
1864 |
John S Staples is paid $500 as a substitute for President Lincoln |
1866 |
Dutch Eindhoven-Venlo railway opens |
1867 |
Karl Marx' "Das Kapital" published |
1868 |
1st edition of Maasbode published |
1869 |
1st postcards are issued (Vienna, Austria) |
1871 |
General Dutch Werkliedenverbond (ANWV), forms in Utrecht |
1874 |
Rotterdam opens drinking water pipes |
1879 |
Cincinnati Enquirer publishes 1st report on baseball reserve clause |
1880 |
John Philip Sousa becomes new director of US Marine Corps Band |
1885 |
Special delivery mail service begins in US |
1886 |
US mint at Carson City, Nevada, closes |
1887 |
Balochistan conquered by the British Empire. |
1888 |
National Geographic magazine publishes for 1st time |
1889 |
Soccer team HFC Haarlem forms |
1889 |
Washington voters adopt state constitution in referendum |
1890 |
Congress creates Weather Bureau |
1890 |
Yosemite National Park forms |
1891 |
In the U.S. state of California, Stanford University opens its doors. |
1892 |
University of Chicago opens |
1893 |
3rd worst hurricane in US history kills 1,800 (Mississippi) |
1894 |
Civic organization, Knights of Ak-Sar-Ben founded in Omaha, Nebraska |
1894 |
First meeting of The Owl Club of Cape Town. |
1895 |
Romanians in Costantinople massacred |
1896 |
Sherlock Holmes adventure "Veiled Lodger" takes place (BG) |
1898 |
Dutch railway Alkmaar-Receiver opens |
1898 |
Henry Huntington buys LA Railway |
1898 |
Jews are expelled from Kiev Russia |
1898 |
Tsar Nikolay II expels Jews from major Russian cities. |
1898 |
The Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration is founded under the name k.u.k. Exportakademie. |
1903 |
1st baseball World Series, Pittsburgh Pirates vs Boston Pilgrims (Red Sox) |
1904 |
JB van Heutsz becomes governor general of Dutch East Indies |
1904 |
Netherlands & Portugal lay down bounderies splitting Timor |
1905 |
František Pavlík is killed in a demonstration in Prague, inspiring Leoš Janáček to the piano composition 1. X. 1905. |
1906 |
Hugh Jennings resigns as Balt manager to take over at Detroit in 1907 |
1907 |
Plaza Hotel (5th Av & 59th Str, NY) opens |
1907 |
A downturn in the stock market leads to a run on the dollar; US President Roosevelt will be forced to call on financier JP Morgan to help manage the financial crisis |
1908 |
1st Dutch electric railway in use (Rotterdam-The Hague) |
1908 |
Henry Ford introduces the Model T car (costs $825) |
1908 |
Jack Chesbro's final Higlander victory, beats Walter Johnson 2-1 |
1910 |
Berkshire Cattle Fair held in Pittsfield Mass (1st state fair) |
1910 |
Explosion at LA Times kills 21 |
1910 |
Regina Rugby Club's 1st game, losing to Moose Jaw Tigers, 16-6 |
1911 |
United Dutch Diamond workers get 8-hr day |
1912 |
Yanks lose game #100 en route to a 50-102 season |
1914 |
The Prince of Asir, the southern region of Arabia, rises in revolt against the Turks; his actions will inspire other Arab leaders to revolt |
1914 |
The first division of Canadian troops, 33,000 sail for Britain; most Canadians are volunteers, anxious to prove their loyalty to the Commonwealth |
1918 |
World War I: Arab forces under T. E. Lawrence (a/k/a "Lawrence of Arabia") capture Damascus. |
1919 |
World Series begins as a best of 9 affair, White Sox intentionally throw this series to satisfy gamblers (Black Sox Scandal) |
1920 |
Dutch law provides for an 8 hour working day |
1920 |
Sir Percy Cox landed in Basra to assume his responsibilities as high commissioner in Iraq. |
1921 |
WJZ, Newark NJ begins broadcasting |
1922 |
Former Chicago Staleys play 1st NFL game as Chicago Bears, win 6-0 |
1922 |
Rogers Hornsby's 3-for-5 ups avg to .401 |
1924 |
Fokker F-7 1st flight (Amsterdam to Batavia) |
1924 |
Paavo Nurmi runs world record 4 mile (19:15.4) & 5 mile (24:06.2) |
1924 |
Landis bans Giants Jimmy O'Connell & Cozy Dolan from World Series after they admit an attempt to bribe Phils shortstop Heinie Sand |
1926 |
An oil field accident cost aviator Wiley Post his left eye, but he used the settlement money to buy his first aircraft. |
1927 |
Pirates clinch NL pennant with a 9-6 win over Reds |
1928 |
Leon Vanderstuyft of Belgium bicycled 76 miles 504 yards in 1 hour |
1928 |
Paavo Nurmi runs world record 15m (46:49.6) |
1928 |
USSR launches its first 5-year plan |
1930 |
Soccer team WHC forms |
1930 |
World Series opens at Phila's Shibe Park, Phila A's beat St Louis 5-2 |
1931 |
Spanish Cortes accept general female suffrage |
1931 |
World Series is a rematch as A's seek 3rd straight title vs Cards |
1931 |
The second (and current) Waldorf-Astoria Hotel is opened in New York. |
1932 |
NHL readmits Ottawa & drops Pittsburgh |
1932 |
Oswald Mosley forms British Union of Fascists |
1932 |
World Series moves to Chicago, In 5th inning, Babe Ruth waits until he has 2 strikes, points & hits next pitch into center field bleachers |
1933 |
Antwerp Sports arena opens |
1933 |
Packers make 5 1st downs, Giants make 0, but still win 10-7 |
1933 |
Wash Senator coach Nick Altrock plays in a game at age 57 |
1934 |
Adolf Hitler expands German army & navy & creates an air force, violating Treaty of Versailles |
1936 |
Generalissimo Francisco Franco establishes state of Spain |
1937 |
Pullman Co formally recognizes Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters |
1938 |
Cubs clinch NL pennant |
1938 |
Germany annexes Sudetenland (1/3 of Czechoslovakia) following the Munich Agreement. |
1939 |
Churchill calls Soviets "riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma" |
1939 |
After a one-month Siege of Warsaw, hostile forces entered the city. |
1940 |
Pennsylvania Turnpike, pioneer toll thruway, opens |
1941 |
D Sjostakovitch plane evacuated in Moscow |
1941 |
H Martin/R Blane's musical "Best Foot Forward" premieres in NYC |
1941 |
Yankees beat Dodgers 3-2 at Yankee Stadium in opener of World Series |
1942 |
Bell P-59 Airacomet fighter, 1st US jet, makes maiden flight |
1942 |
Little Golden Books (children's books) begins publishing |
1943 |
Allied forces captured Naples during WW II |
1943 |
Averell Harriman named US ambassador to Moscow |
1943 |
Germans attack Jews in Denmark |
1943 |
1st King's Dragoon Guards (Royal Amoured Corps) liberates suburbs of Naples |
1944 |
Newspaper editor Alejandro Córdova assassinated in Guatemala |
1944 |
St Louis Browns win their only AL pennant |
1945 |
Heavyweight champ Joe Louis is discharged from army |
1945 |
US Office of Strategic Services (OSS), precursor to the CIA, disbands |
1946 |
12 Nazi war criminals sentenced to death in Nuremberg |
1946 |
1st NL playoffs, Dodgers vs Cards (St Louis wins 2 games to 0) |
1946 |
Bob Feller 348th strikeout of season |
1947 |
1st helicopter air mail & express service, LA, Ca |
1947 |
NHL Pension Society founded |
1947 |
US control of Haitian customs & governmental revenue ends |
1947 |
William Wister Haines' "Command Decision" premieres in NYC |
1947 |
The F-86 Sabre flies for the first time. |
1948 |
California Supreme Court voids state statute banning interracial marriages |
1948 |
Radio Denmark begins transmitting |
1949 |
People's Republic of China proclaimed by Mao Zedong (National Day) |
1949 |
Republic of China (Taiwan) forms on island of Formosa |
1950 |
Phillies win NL pennant on last day of season (10th inning HR) |
1950 |
Browns lose to Giants, setting club record for fewest points scored by both teams (tied in 1979), NY 6, Cleveland 0 |
1950 |
South Korean troops cross the 38th parallel into North Korea |
1951 |
1st Giant-Dodgers playoff game, Giants win 3-1 |
1951 |
1st treaty signed by woman ambassador-Eugenie Anderson (US ambassador to Denmark) |
1951 |
24th Infantry Regiment, last all-black US military unit, deactivated |
1952 |
1st ultra high frequency (UHF) television station, Portland Or |
1952 |
Liberal Party wins Japanese elections |
1952 |
Monte Bello-Island (Great Britain 1st atom bomb explosion) |
1953 |
Indian state of Andhra Pradesh partitioned from Madras |
1953 |
KJEO TV channel 47 in Fresno, CA (CBS/ABC) begins broadcasting |
1953 |
KYTV TV channel 3 in Springfield, MO (NBC) begins broadcasting |
1953 |
WATE TV channel 6 in Knoxville, TN (ABC/NBC) begins broadcasting |
1953 |
WREX TV channel 13 in Rockford, IL (ABC) begins broadcasting |
1954 |
British colony of Nigeria becomes a federation |
1955 |
"Honeymooners" premieres |
1955 |
Piet Lieftinck becomes director v/h IMF (World bank) |
1955 |
WORA TV channel 5 in Mayaguez, PR (TCI) begins broadcasting |
1956 |
Johnny Heckmann rides 7 winners at Chicago Hawthorne Horse track |
1956 |
Zestienhoven airport at Rotterdam official opens |
1957 |
B-52 bombers begin full-time flying alert in case of USSR attack |
1957 |
First appearance of "In God We Trust" on U.S. paper currency. |
1958 |
Britain transfers Christmas Island (south of Java) to Australia |
1958 |
US space agency NASA begins operations incorporating earlier National Advisory Council on Aeronautics and other bodies |
1959 |
1st World Series since 1948 not to feature a NY team (LA vs Chic) |
1960 |
14th NHL All-Star Game: All-Stars beat Montreal 2-1 at Montreal |
1960 |
KCBY TV channel 11 in Coos Bay, OR (CBS) begins broadcasting |
1960 |
Nigeria gains independence from Britain (National Day) |
1961 |
A volcanco believed to be extinct erupts in Tristan da Cunha |
1961 |
East & West Cameroon merge as Federal Republic of Cameroon |
1961 |
KGIN TV channel 11 in Grand Island, NB (CBS) begins broadcasting |
1961 |
Mickey Wright wins LPGA Mickey Wright Golf Open |
1961 |
Premiere of Dmitri Shostakovitsch's 12nd Symphony |
1961 |
Roger Maris sets record of 61 HRs (off of Tracy Stallard) |
1961 |
US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site |
1961 |
WOLO TV channel 25 in Columbia, SC (ABC) begins broadcasting |
1961 |
WYAH TV channel 27 in Portsmouth, VA (IND) begins broadcasting |
1962 |
Barbra Streisand signs her 1st recording contract (with Columbia) |
1962 |
Brian Epstein signs a contract to manage Beatles through 1977 |
1962 |
James Meredith became 1st black at U of Mississippi |
1962 |
Johnny Carson hosts his 1st Tonight Show, Joan Crawford guests |
1962 |
The Lucy Show premieres |
1962 |
SF beats Dodgers, 8-0 in 1st of best-of-3 NL playoff |
1962 |
UN gives Netherlands control of New Guinea |
1962 |
US National Radio Astronomy Obs gets a 300' (91m) radio telescope |
1962 |
WEDH TV channel 24 in Hartford, CT (PBS) begins broadcasting |
1963 |
1st time since 1910 no AL player, played in every game |
1963 |
Nigeria becomes a republic within Commonwealth |
1964 |
1st official broadcast of Trans World Radio on Bonaire |
1964 |
2nd Dutch televisienet begins broadcastings |
1964 |
Free Speech Movement launched at University of California, Berkley |
1964 |
San Francisco cable cars declared a national landmark |
1964 |
WSJU TV channel 18 in Carolina, PR begins broadcasting |
1964 |
WTSJ TV channel 18 in San Juan, PR (NBC) begins broadcasting |
1964 |
WWAY TV channel 3 in Wilmington, NC (ABC) begins broadcasting |
1965 |
Failed coup under lt col Untung in Indonesia |
1965 |
France performs underground nuclear test at Ecker Algeria |
1966 |
Newspaper magnate Thomson purchases "The Times" |
1966 |
WAEO (now WJFW) TV channel 12 in Rhinelander, WI (NBC) begins |
1966 |
West Coast Airlines Flight 956 crashes with eighteen fatal injuries and no survivors 5.5 miles south of Wemme, Oregon. This accident marks the first loss of a DC-9. |
1967 |
KBFI (now KDAF) TV channel 33 in Dallas-Fort Worth, TX (IND) begins |
1967 |
Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Ladies' LA Golf Open |
1967 |
Pink FLoyd's 1st US tour (arrives in NYC) |
1968 |
"Night of the Living Dead" premieres in Pittsburgh |
1968 |
The Guyanese government takes over the British Guiana Broadcasting Service (BGBS). |
1969 |
Concorde 001 test flight breaks sound barrier |
1969 |
Guernsey & Jersey begin issuing their own postage stamps |
1969 |
USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR |
1970 |
63 arrested in riot to buy Rolling Stone tickets in Milano, Italy |
1970 |
Last game at Philadelphia's Connie Mack Stadium, Phils-2 Expos-1 |
1971 |
Joseph Luns becomes secretary-general of NATO |
1971 |
Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida opens |
1972 |
"Don't Play Us Cheap" closes at Barrymore Theater NYC after 164 perfs |
1972 |
1st games of World Hockey Association |
1972 |
2nd NYC Women's Marathon won by Nina Kuscsik in 3:08:41 |
1972 |
3rd NYC Marathon won by Sheldon Karlin in 2:27:52 |
1972 |
Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Portland Ladies Golf Classic |
1973 |
Leo Durocher resigns as Houston Astro manager |
1973 |
USSR-West Germany gas tunnel opens |
1974 |
Watergate cover-up trial opens in Wash DC |
1975 |
Britain grants internal self-government to Seychelles |
1975 |
Ellice Islands split from Gilbert Islands, take name "Tuvalu" |
1975 |
Muhammad Ali TKOs Joe Frazier in 15 for heavyweight boxing title in "The Thrilla in Manila" |
1975 |
Reunion Island stops printing stamps, France takes over production |
1976 |
1st Dutch casino opens |
1977 |
Brazilian soccer great Pele retires with 1,281 goals in 1,363 games |
1977 |
US Department of Energy established |
1977 |
Elton John honored by MSG Hall of Fame |
1977 |
Yanks win 2nd consecutive AL East title |
1978 |
Comoros adopts constitution |
1978 |
Jane Blalock wins LPGA Golden Lights Golf Championship |
1978 |
Tuvalu (formerly Ellice Islands) declares independence from UK |
1978 |
Yanks lose 9-2 to Indians forcing a playoff game with Red Sox |
1978 |
The Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party is founded. |
1979 |
Nigeria adopts constitution, Alhaji Shagari becomes president |
1979 |
Pope John Paul II begins visit to USA |
1979 |
RKO radio network begins operation |
1979 |
US returns Canal Zone (but not the canal) to Panama after 75 years |
1980 |
Cosmonauts Ryumin & Popov break space endurance record of 176 days |
1981 |
Iranian plane crash |
1981 |
J Chodorov/N Panama's "Talent for Murder" premieres in London |
1981 |
USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR |
1982 |
EPCOT Center opens in Orlando Florida |
1982 |
USSR performs underground nuclear test |
1982 |
West Germany's Parliament ousts Helmut Schmidt for Helmut Kohl |
1982 |
The Sony CDP-101, the world's first commercially released Compact Disc player, is released in Japan for 168,000 yen ($730) |
1983 |
Denise Wallace, 18, of Virginia, crowned Miss Teen of America |
1984 |
Gary Trudeau's Doonesbury comic strip resumes after 2-year hiatus |
1984 |
Peter Ueberroth replaces Bowie Kuhn as 6th commissioner of baseball |
1985 |
Israeli air raid on PLO-headquarter at Tunis, 68 killed |
1986 |
President Carter's presidential library/museum dedicated in Atlanta |
1986 |
New Zealand's Labour Government introduces a Goods and Services Tax (GST), adding 10% to the cost of most goods and services |
1987 |
"Roza" opens at Royale Theater NYC for 12 performances |
1987 |
6 killed by an earthquake measuring 6.1 in LA |
1987 |
Fiji's constitution is suspended |
1987 |
The Whittier Narrows earthquake shook the San Gabriel Valley, registering as a magnitude 5.9. |
1988 |
Bradley Center in Milwaukee opens |
1988 |
Lowest batting avg for NL champion (Tony Gwynn .313) |
1988 |
Mikhail Gorbachev becomes Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet and thus head of state of the Soviet Union |
1989 |
Beth Daniel wins LPGA Konica San Jose Golf Classic |
1989 |
Dallas Cowboy, Ed "Too Tall" Jones, records his 1,000th NFL tackle |
1989 |
Thousands of East Germans flee to West Germany |
1989 |
US Post Officeissues a stamp labeling an apatosaurus as a brontosaurus |
1989 |
Batting titles decided on final day Puckett goes 2-for-5 edges Carney Lansford .339 to .336, Gwynn's 3-for-4 edges Will Clark .336 to .333 |
1990 |
10,000 Uganda RPF rebels move into Rwanda |
1990 |
Meteorite explode above Pacific Ocean |
1990 |
US President Bush at UN, condemns Iraq's takeover of Kuwait |
1990 |
Serbs in Croatia proclaim autonomy |
1990 |
Saddam Hussein says he may be willing to negotiate the occupation of Kuwait and would consider foreign participation in negotiations |
1991 |
Howard Stern adds Baltimore to his radio network (WJFK-AM) |
1991 |
New Zealand's Resource Management Act 1991 commences. |
1991 |
Soviet Union suspends petroleum product exports as its fuel shortages grow |
1992 |
"Oba Oba '93" opens at Marquis Theater NYC for 22 performances |
1992 |
Cartoon Cable Network premieres |
1992 |
Greater Pittsburgh International Airport opens |
1992 |
Ross Perot re-enters US presidental race |
1993 |
Lennox Lewis TKOs Frank Bruno in 7 for heavyweight boxing title |
1994 |
Boon completes his 19th Test century (114 v Pak, Karachi) |
1994 |
Liselotte Neumann wins LPGA GHP Heartland Golf Classic |
1994 |
South African President Nelson Mandela visits US |
1994 |
Stanley Betrian sworn in as leader of Curacao |
1995 |
Bermuda begins using new area code 441 |
1995 |
Gail Graham wins FieldCrest Cannon/Carolina LPGA Golf Classic |
1995 |
Indians set record of 30 game lead over 2nd place team |
1995 |
Mike Mussina tosses Balt's 5th consecutive shutout 4-0 win over Tigers |
1995 |
NY Yankees win 1st baseball wildcard ever |
1995 |
Rockies are 1st team to make postseason before 7th year in existence |
1997 |
Carolina Hurricanes 1st game vs Tampa Bay Lightning |
1997 |
Spice Hot premieres on cable |
1998 |
Vladimir Putin became a permanent member of the Security Council of the Russian Federation. |
2000 |
Juan Antonio Samaranch, the chairman of the IOC declares Sydney the "best Olympic Games ever" |
2000 |
Closing ceremony of the XXVII Olympics in Sydney, Australia |
2000 |
United States retain Basketball's Olympic gold medal defeating France 85-75 |
2000 |
United States wins the most medals (97), and the most gold medals (40) in Summer Olympics held in Sydney, Australia |
2004 |
Baseball: Seattle Mariners outfielder Ichiro Suzuki gets his 258th hit of the season, breaking George Sisler's 84-year-old single-season record. |
2005 |
Bombing kills 23 people in Bali. |
2007 |
Most of the Racial and Religious Hatred Act 2006 came into force in the United Kingdom. |
2012 |
California becomes the first US state to ban conversion therapy for minors |
2012 |
36 people are killed in a ferry collision in Hong Kong |
2012 |
3 NATO soldiers and 16 Afghan police are killed by a suicide bombing in Khost, Afghanistan |
2013 |
A partial United States federal government shutdown occurs as a result of political disagreements over operational spending |
2014 |
Canadian freestyle skier and two-time Olympic gold medalist Alexandre Bilodeau retires at 27 |
2014 |
41 children are killed by a suicide bombing on the Akrameh al-Makhzumi school in Homs, Syria |
2016 |
Bank of Mexico Hikes Interest Rate a Half-Point to 4.75 Pct |
2017 |
OJ Simpson released after serving 9 years in Nevada prison |
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